Explode Shape Layers 3.4.8
In addition to the desired structure, there may be geometric shapes inside packaging that should not be reinforced. These are called internal shapes and are not of geometric or random nature. The reinforcement material shall be a suitable grade of fibres such as glass fibres of type E or ECR according to ISO 2078:1993.
Explode Shape Layers 3.4.8
Internal shapes may also be solid or hollow; the latter can be made of metal, plastic, wood, glass, paper or cardboard and their formulation depends on the intended use. Hollow shapes may be tubes or cylindrical forms. See also: Composite hollow shapes.
A shape is convex when the smaller radius is bigger than the bigger radius. A shape is a crescent when it is concave and tapers to a maximum dimension shorter than the maximum dimension of the shape. A shape is a frustrum when its diameter is longer than the sum of the other two diameters.
Seamless metal sheets and seamless metal sheets welded to one another form a monolithic shape by eliminating the respective joining surfaces. Seamless metal sheet assemblies are flat or, in the case of ones having a rectangular, polygonal or curved cross-section (also cylindrical and spherical), they may also have grooves or ridges of 2 mm width or more in the longitudinal direction. Deep-drawn extruded-metal sheets may be used as seamless metal sheet assemblies.
- The minimum impact strength (see 6.8.5.3.1 to 6.8.5.3.3) for test-pieces with the longitudinal axis at right angles to the direction of rolling and a V-shaped notch (conforming to ISO R 148) perpendicular to the plate surface, shall be 34 J/cm2 for mild steel (which, because of existing ISO standards, may be tested with test-pieces having the longitudinal axis in the direction of rolling); fine-grained steel; ferritic alloy steel 5 %